In mouse models of insulin resistance, it significantly inhibits NNMT activity in liver and muscle, reduces NAM methylation, increases intracellular NAD+, activates the SIRT1 pathway, promotes phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), enhances insulin signaling, improves insulin sensitivity, and increases glucose uptake and utilization
However, moderation is key, as excessively high doses might hinder exercise-induced adaptations
doi: 10.1186/s13756-018-0411-4, 8
Vitamin B12: fact sheet for health professionals
Nitrotyrosine and chlorotyrosine: clinical significance and biological functions in the vascular system