It is postulated that DM-induced oxidative damage may be more significant in erythrocytes than in other cells, due to their high content of iron and polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as their role as oxygen transporters, with a high degree of exposure to free radicals [320]
Introduce fibre slowly to minimise bloating and ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent worsening constipation
Most trials showing benefit used multi-strain formulations alongside caloric restriction, making it difficult to isolate probiotic effects
GLP-1s have been associated with rare but severe risks, including pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, bowel obstruction, stomach paralysis, acute kidney injury and vision problems
While relatively few studies explore the mechanism of GLP-1 RAs in treating chronic pain, GLP medications are shown to reduce pain induced by formalin, cancer, and diabetes