Apply 4 sprays in the morning and 4 sprays in the evening to a clean, non-hairy area of the body, then rub in for 60 to 90 seconds
This may produce higher average but lower real-world applicability
Pantothenic acid Pantothenic acid is involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A, cholesterol, fatty acids, and acetylcholine (45)
The serum concentrations of LPCs, O-LPCs, several sphingomyelins (SMs, (40:2)/(18:1/22:1), d40:1), BCAAs and their breakdown products decreased in patients with severe TBI, whereas the levels of the medium chain fatty acids decanoic acid and octanoic acid increased with severity ( Table 2) [31]
Obviously, the $$$ grubbing business weasels who sell pharmaceuticals would prefer you throw them out and fork-over for "new ones"