These include: (1, 2) Cardiac arrhythmia Atrial fibrillation Atrioventricular block (first, second or third degree) Damage of the heart tissue due to aging A congenital heart defect Myocarditis Endocarditis A complication of heart surgery Sleep apnea Rheumatic fever Lupus Lyme disease Typhoid fever Very high blood potassium level Hypothyroidism Hypothermia Toxic levels of certain narcotics Side effect of medications including: Propranolol Atenolol Metoprolol Sotalol Verapamil Dilitazem Risk Factors Recognized risk factors of bradycardia include: (4) Heart damage Coronary artery disease High blood pressure Diabetes Renal insufficiency Smoking Recreational drug use Heavy alcohol use Psychological stress Anxiety Diagnosis Bradycardia is diagnosed through a combination of physical examinations, health history, and tests including an electrocardiogram (ECG)
T., Huang, D., Qian, C.-N., Ong, P., Li, Z., Chen, S., & Mak, S
& Bus, S
As a sulfur-containing metabolite, EGT therefore plays a key role in redox homeostasis and requires essential consideration in future oxidative stress studies in A
Jaswal et al
